Ramesses ix mummy

Egyptian pharaoh of the 20th dynasty

Menmaatre Ramesses XI (also written Ramses and Rameses) reigned from 1107 BC to 1078 BC or 1077 BC and was the tenth and final pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt and as such, was the last king of the New Kingdom period.

He ruled Egypt for at least 29 years although some Egyptologists think he could have ruled for as long as 30. The latter figure would be up to 2 years beyond this king's highest known date of Year 10 of the Whm Mswt era or Year 28 of his reign.^[3] One scholar, Ad Thijs, has suggested that Ramesses XI could even have reigned as long as 33 years.^[4]

It is believed that Ramesses ruled into his Year 29 since a graffito records that the general and High Priest of AmunPiankh returned to Thebes from Nubia on III Shemu day 23—or just 3 days into what would have been the start of Ramesses XI's 29th regnal year.

Piankh is known to have campaigned in Nubia during Year 28 of Ramesses XI's re